在2019冠状病毒病期间继续保护弱势群体

在2019冠状病毒病期间继续保护弱势群体

2019冠状病毒病大流行即将进入第三个年头, substantial progress has been made in understanding the SARS-CoV-2 virus and finding ways to detect, 预防和治疗新型冠状病毒肺炎。. 然而,, 随着病毒继续变异和传播, 在世界许多地方，感染和住院人数仍然很高.¹ While life is returning to a greater sense of normalcy for many people who are vaccinated and boosted, millions of people around the world who are not adequately protected by 新型冠状病毒肺炎。 vaccination remain at risk for both contracting the virus and for poor outcomes from severe disease if they do become infected.^2-6

Continuing protection for these populations is needed including before infection and after, 如果他们被感染了.⁷

谁是新型冠状病毒肺炎。严重感染的高危人群?

疫苗仍然是预防感染和严重疾病的最重要方法.⁸ 然而, the immunocompromised may be left without long-lasting protection despite being fully vaccinated because a healthy immune system is needed for vaccines to work to their full potential.^7,9 如果感染, 这些人的病情可能会持续更长时间, 这可能, 分别, 也导致了新变种的出现.¹⁰

Those who are immunocompromised (see figure below) are especially at risk for being hospitalised or dying from 新型冠状病毒肺炎。 infections.⁹ 最近的研究发现:

• Immunocompromised patients accounted for 12% of all adult 新型冠状病毒肺炎。 hospitalisations and had increased odds of ICU admissions and death compared to non-immunocompromised patients in the US.¹¹
• 更多的 than half of vaccinated blood cancer patients with a breakthrough 新型冠状病毒肺炎。 infection were hospitalised (n=35/54).¹²
• Solid organ transplant recipients who were hospitalised for 新型冠状病毒肺炎。 were almost twice as likely to die as non-transplant patients. 也, those with a prior organ transplant were more likely to require ventilation during hospitalisation for 新型冠状病毒肺炎。.¹³

除了免疫功能低下的人, other people may be at high risk for severe 新型冠状病毒肺炎。 due to their age or other chronic conditions or disease. 感染引起严重疾病的可能性随着年龄的增长而增加, 65岁以上的成年人风险最高.⁹ 除了, 慢性疾病，如肥胖, 糖尿病。, 心脏病和肺病可能会增加由病毒引起的严重疾病的风险.⁹

保护弱势群体的优先事项是什么?

Preventing 新型冠状病毒肺炎。 and providing long-lasting protection is the ultimate goal for vulnerable populations such as the immunocompromised, 尤其是病毒还在不断进化.

对于那些被感染的人, the priority is to protect those at higher risk from progressing from milder disease to severe disease, 或者不需要住院治疗，并提供预防未来感染的保护. 随着SARS-CoV-2病毒的不断演变, 同样重要的是，现有的治疗方法能够中和新的变异.  Another critical consideration in this group of elderly and vulnerable patients is the need for therapies that do not interact with medicines they already take.^14–16

保护弱势群体的前路

随着SARS-CoV-2继续在世界各地传播, public health authorities recommend prevention as the best strategy for individuals to reduce their risk of COVID-related disease. 虽然很难预测接下来会发生什么, 目前的数据显示了较新的欧米克隆变体, 包括英国航空公司.4和BA.5, are responsible for increased hospitalisations and those trends are expected to continue putting more emphasis on current vaccines and therapies to provide long-term protection.^1,17

澳门第一赌城在线娱乐致力于持续的研究和创新，以保护尽可能多的人, particularly medically vulnerable populations who may feel overlooked and need more protection.

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